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Further, perceived characteristics are frequently associated with facial appearance. These studies have many practical implications for instance, it has been shown that facial appearance affects electoral success, career progress, and child treatment. Studies on perception of human faces involve various social contexts such as mate choice, cooperation, and parental care. Human face research has received immense attention in fields ranging from social psychology to behavioural neuroscience and economics. Thus methodology of photograph acquisition, focal length in this case, can significantly affect results of studies using photographic stimuli perhaps due to different levels of perspective distortion that influence shapes and proportions of morphological traits. Subsequent GMM revealed focal length significantly affected overall facial shape of the photographed subjects. Further, shorter focal lengths produced faces with smaller fWHR. Our results showed that photographs taken with 50 mm focal length were rated as significantly less feminine/masculine, attractive, and dominant compared to the images taken with longer focal lengths. Facial width-to-height ratio (fWHR) was measured from each photograph and overall facial shape was analysed employing geometric morphometric methods (GMM). The images were judged for attractiveness, dominance, and femininity/masculinity by 369 raters (193 females, 176 males).
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Subsequently, the three photographs from each individual were shown on screen in a randomized order using a 3-alternative forced-choice paradigm. We collected three portrait photographs of 45 (22 females, 23 males) participants under standardized conditions and camera setting varying only in the focal length.
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Here we tested whether different focal lengths (50, 85, 105 mm) affect depicted shape and perception of female and male faces. An important factor influencing the resulting photograph is focal length, as different focal lengths produce various levels of image distortion. The method of photograph acquisition might affect the depicted subject’s facial appearance and thus also the impression of such stimuli. By the statement a concave mirror of focal length f we mean that the distance of the focal point of the mirror from its pole is f.įocal length is the half of radius of curvature of the spherical mirror.Static photographs are currently the most often employed stimuli in research on social perception. The focal length of a concave mirror is negative in sign if we consider the traditional sign convention rule for the mirror and lens. The focal length of a mirror is defined as the distance of its focal point from its pole. Determining the focal length of a concave mirror experiment Define focal length of a concave mirror.
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How to find the focal length of a mirror?.The lab data and conclusion for this experiment are also discussed here. Again, there is an experiment to determine the focal length of a concave mirror. Here, we have included all these key points. Though, the focal length of both types of mirror has same definition and units, but the signs of focal length are different for these two mirrors. In this article, we are going to discuss the focal length of a concave mirror. Spherical mirror has two types – Concave mirror and Convex mirror.